{"id":258,"date":"2019-08-14T15:44:55","date_gmt":"2019-08-14T15:44:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/?page_id=258"},"modified":"2019-08-21T16:05:33","modified_gmt":"2019-08-21T16:05:33","slug":"crassostrea-virginica-continued","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/crassostrea-virginica-continued\/","title":{"rendered":"Crassostrea virginica (continued)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Taxonomy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Subclass: Pteriomorphia
Order: Ostreida
Superfamily: Ostreoidea
Family: Ostreidae
Subfamily: Crassostreinae
Genus: Crassostrea<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Similar species: Ostrea edulis<\/em>
Previously known as: Ostrea virginica <\/em>Gmelin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Andrew C [CC BY 2.0 (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0<\/a>)]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Biological Information\/Life History<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Spat Growth Rate<\/td>25 mm per year
(NOAA)<\/td><\/tr>
Size at maturity<\/td>20 cm
(NOAA)<\/td><\/tr>
Life span<\/td>< 20 years
(NOAA)<\/td><\/tr>
Mating\/spawning season<\/td>Early summer
(NOAA)<\/td><\/tr>
Sessile vs non sessile<\/td>Sessile<\/td><\/tr>
Reproduction<\/td>Spawning<\/td><\/tr>
Age for reproduction<\/td>> 1.5 years<\/td><\/tr>
Number of offspring<\/td>> 100 million<\/td><\/tr>
Role in food chain<\/td>Filter feeder
(Newell et al. 1983)<\/td><\/tr>
Dispersal distance<\/td>N\/A<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

Common diseases: Dermo, MSX (NOAA)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Environmental Tolerances<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Temperature Range<\/td>2-36\u00b0C
(Sarinsky et al. 2005)<\/td><\/tr>
Salinity <\/td>10-30ppt
(Sarinsky et al. 2005)<\/td><\/tr>
Depth found at<\/td>0.6-8.0 m<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Human Uses<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Popular in aquaculture. Often commercially harvested for food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Fun Fact<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Eastern oysters begin their life as male then mature to become females.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

References<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Abeels, H. A., Loh, A. N., & Volety, A. K. (2012). Trophic transfer and habitat use of oyster Crassostrea virginica reefs in southwest Florida , identified by stable isotope analysis. Marine Ecology Progress Series<\/em>, 462<\/em>, 125\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3354\/meps09824<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Claire Antonucci, R. H., & Yuhas, and C. (1880). Eastern Oyster<\/em>. Retrieved from http:\/\/njseagrant.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/03\/eastern-oyster.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haven, S., & Morales-Alamo, R. (1970). Filtration of particles from suspension by the American Oyster Crassostrea virginica. The Biological Bulletin<\/em>, 139<\/em>, 248\u2013264. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/doi\/abs\/10.2307\/1540081<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hayes, P., & Menzel, R. W. (1981). The reproductive cycle of early setting crassostrea virginica (gmelin) in the northern gulf of mexico, and its implications for population recruitment<\/em>. (January 1980), 80\u201388. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.journals.uchicago.edu\/doi\/abs\/10.2307\/1540902<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kingsley-smith, A. P. R., Harwell, H. D., Kellogg, M. L., Allen, S. M., Allen, S. K., Kingsley-smith, P. R., \u2026 Luckenbach, M. W. (2009). Survival and Growth of Triploid Crassostrea virginica ( Gmelin , 1791 ) and C . ariakensis ( Fujita , 1913 ) in Bottom Environments of Chesapeake Bay\u202f: Implications for an Introduction. Shellfish Research<\/em>, 28<\/em>, 169\u2013184. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/250181368_Survival_and_Growth_of_Triploid_Crassostrea_virginica_Gmelin_1791_and_C_ariakensis_Fujita_1913_in_Bottom_Environments_of_Chesapeake_Bay_Implications_for_an_Introduction<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kingsley-smith, A. P. R., Joyce, R. E., Arnott, S. A., Roumillat, W. A., Mcdonough, C. J., Kingsley-smith, P. R., \u2026 Reichert, M. J. M. (2019). Habitat use of Intertidal Eastern Oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) Reefs by Nekton in South Carolina Estuaries<\/em>. 31<\/em>(4), 1009\u20131021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2983\/035.031.0413<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nestlerode, J. A., Luckenbach, M. W., & O\u2019beirn, F. X. (2007). Settlement and survival of the oyster crassostrea virginica on created oyster reef habitats in Chesapeake Bay. Restoration Ecology<\/em>, 15<\/em>(2), 273\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-100X.2007.00210.x<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Newel, R. I. E., & Jordan, S. J. (1983). Preferential ingestion of organic material by the American oyster Crassostrea virginica *<\/em>. 13<\/em>, 47\u201353. Retrieved from http:\/\/agris.fao.org\/agris-search\/search.do?recordID=US201302199982<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

NOAA. (2019). Oysters<\/em>. 1\u201311. Retrieved from https:\/\/chesapeakebay.noaa.gov\/fish-facts\/oysters<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, K., (2015). Eastern Oyster Crassostrea virginica ( Gmelin , 1791 )<\/em>. (McLean 1941), 1\u201312. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.dnr.sc.gov\/swap\/supplemental\/marine\/easternoyster2015.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sarinsky, G., Carroll, M. A., Nduka, E., & Catapane, E. J. (2005). Growth and survival of the American oyster Crassostrea virginica<\/em> in Jamaica Bay, New York. In Vivo<\/em>, 27<\/em>(1), 15\u201326. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26862590%0Ahttp:\/\/www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov\/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4744623<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

THIS FISH. (2019). Traceable Species Eastern Oyster<\/em>. Retrieved from https:\/\/thisfish.info\/fishery\/species\/Eastern-oyster\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Taxonomy Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: MolluscaClass: BivalviaSubclass: PteriomorphiaOrder: OstreidaSuperfamily: OstreoideaFamily: OstreidaeSubfamily: CrassostreinaeGenus: Crassostrea Similar species: Ostrea edulisPreviously known as: Ostrea virginica Gmelin Biological Information\/Life History Spat Growth Rate 25 mm per year (NOAA) Size at maturity 20 cm(NOAA) Life span < 20 years(NOAA) Mating\/spawning season Early summer(NOAA) Sessile vs non sessile Sessile Reproduction Spawning Age for reproduction […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":497,"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/258\/revisions\/497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/temperatereefs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}